Intercultural Communication Essay Sample

Intercultural Communication Essay Sample Those who are fluently bi-lingual or multilingual are generally more apt in scenarios where intercultural communication is needed. This is because they have already internalized the social cues, cultural difference, and communication norms for two communities, actively have the ability to code switch, and understand that different cultures communicate in different ways. This difference in aptitude or ability can be more clearly understood by considering some of the primary concepts of the relationship between language and culture. More specifically, individuals go through a process of Identity Management, via which they make sense of their personal image, as it relates to different social groups or context (Martin Nakayama). What this means is that they are actively managing both their sense of self, and the way they present themselves to others, when interacting within different social or cultural groups. This is one of the ways that bilingualism or multilingualism supports and individual’s ability to engage in intercultural communication. They already understand how to manage their personal identity, while also meeting the need of diverse audience, and how to shape the presentation of their identity to the confines of a given communication situation or social context. From a theoretical perspective, Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis states that language has the ability shape an individual’s ideas, and to create a framework for the way they understand their social reality (Martin Nakayama). Sapir and Whorf studied language as relative, and considered the way language alters social perception. Keeping this theory in mind, it is easy to see that someone who is bilingual or multilingual already has the ability to understand their social reality in two or more ways. They must, necessarily, have the ability to understand how language has informed their ideas, and because they know more than one language, there is more than one culture impacting their world view. Somewhat similarly, the social science approach to the way that communication is tied to culture, assumes that reality is described, human behaviors can be defined, and culture is a variable that impacts those realities. As such, current communication, within the culture, shapes the way a person views reality, and so helps to predict what will be communicated in the future Martin Nakayama). Again, this connection between communication and social values, or culture, is seen. So, because the bi-lingual individual’s communication experiences are multi-lingual, they must necessarily also be multi-cultural. Overall, it can be more simply summarized that the individual who speaks two or more languages identifies, in some ways, with more than one culture. Intercultural communication is constantly occurring inside of them, as they move between one language and the next, depending on their social setting. This also means that they have the ability to differentiate between the needs of two cultural groups, with whom they communicate via these two separate languages. This gives them the foundation that they need to be excellent intercultural communicators, because they have already engaged in the establishment of their identity, as it relates to a multicultural setting, and how to move between different communication scenarios, based on the needs of those they are communicating with. It is possible for those that are not bi-lingual multi-lingual to learn these things, however, they do not have the head start on understanding and applying the principles that the bilingual individual has intuit ively established.

What Financial Planning Can Help People Plan For The Future

Larson, Brian talks about what financial planning is and how to help people plan for the future. How many of you want to be able to go to college and be able to pay it off? Long term financial planning is what people do when they are getting older and thinking about graduating. The key word here is ‘Long-Term’ this means that you will need to start planning now rather than later. The sooner you start the better off you will be. This will mean that when you get older you will have enough money to pay off college loans and sustain yourself. This can be a hard thing to do and that is why there are people who can help you plan for the future and save money so that you won’t go broke after four or more years of college. So, the first thing we need to discuss is what long term financial planning means. Long term financial planning is when you decide how much money you have now and how much money you want to have after college or for retirement. Once you know that inform ation, you must create a plan to decide how much money you will need to save in order to accumulate assets. I will be discussing what long term financial planning is and how to get started. I know that many of you already know, when it comes to money, it gets very complicated. There are 401(k)’s and IRA’s and much more. Our problem is that we have no idea what any of these things mean. That is why I am here today. I want to share with you some information on what it means to plan for the future and how to getShow MoreRelatedManagerial Accounting1152 Words   |  5 PagesManagerial Accounting Accounting is a crucial part in running a business. There are various forms of accounting that can be used, it is very important to know which technique is best to use for what companies. Once you figure out a particular technique to use, it is important to keep an open mind if there are any changes that need to take place in the business. 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Gender and Identity in Raymond Carvers so Much Water, so...

Men are from Mars, women are from Venus. Weve all heard the saying, but what does it mean? We are different, that goes without saying. As evidenced in Raymond Carvers So Much Water, So Close to Home, men and women differ on many key issues of morality, perception, and judgment. The two do have something in common, believe it or not, and that is the expectation of the opposite gender to communicate, think, and react in the exact way they do. Hence, frustration. Not with themselves, God forbid the two ever see a situation from each others point of view. The frustration is with the opposite gender, over something that for the most part, they cannot help. As we have seen time and time again and as Carver proves, its in our blood. What†¦show more content†¦Men as a whole are known to be less compassionate and sensitive than women. The example used in the story is of course an extreme case- in reality even the most masculine of characters would not likely leave a dead body in the river close by for days and even wash their dishes next to it without calling on the proper authorities to help. What does it mean to be a woman? In So Much Water, So Close to Home, the narrator Claire is portrayed as an average woman. She has a hard working husband and a young son. All of the women in the story, excluding the dead one, are shown as very compassionate people. They are sensitive and caring to the needs of other people, even to those they do not personally know. When Claires husband Stuart returns home from his annual fishing trip, he tells her about how he and his friends found the womans body in the river. Not before having a cold beer, sex with Claire, and a good nights sleep, however. Claire cannot comprehend how in the world her husband could have done this. The fact that Stuart had found a body and waited several days to report it is bad enough, but for him to come home and carry on as if it had never happened is unimaginable to Claire. She even considers the po ssibility that it was her husband who raped and killed the innocent young woman. She later realizes, however, that her husband did not commit that particular crime. Claire thinks that her husbands inaction was a crime in itself. Claire sees this inability

Keeping Addiction And Recovery A Secret - 1464 Words

drugrehab.org - Keeping Addiction and Recovery a Secret When you are suffering from an addiction, you re likely afraid of sharing that information with anyone. However, if you keep your addiction a secret, you re not likely to ever recover from it. You need to admit that you have a problem and take steps to get it resolved as soon as possible. But what is compelling you to keep your addiction or even your recovery a secret? And how harmful can it be to keep secrets? And how can you break your silence and reveal your addiction secret? The answers to these and other questions are discussed in-depth below. How Addiction Stigma Compels Secretiveness Language is an incredibly powerful tool for communication and the words we use control the†¦show more content†¦As a result, the stigma of addiction extends to rehab and recovery, which is a major problem. After all, it doesn t leave people with an addiction very many choices. Not only do they have to keep their addiction a secret, they must also keep their recovery a secret or find a way to beat addiction on their own. The false narrative created by many Hollywood movies and television series is that a person MUST defeat addiction on their own to be successful. And while plenty of people do have the ability to beat addiction by themselves, many others do not. Yes, the prime personal strength and change needs to be self-motivated, but it can also be guided by a professional who can help streamline the process and make it more effective. Rehab should not be scorned with a negative stigma, but embraced as an effective treatment. What Professionals Think About Keeping Addiction And Recovery Secret Alcoholics Anonymous (or AA) is one of the most effective and efficient rehabilitation groups in the world. They have helped millions of people beat alcohol addiction, and through Narcotics Anonymous, have helped even more people beat addiction to other drugs. Their policy on secrets is illuminating: they state that â€Å"You re only as sick as your secrets.† What this means is that they believe you should reveal as much as you feel comfortable revealing in each meeting. For example, people who attend meetings are never required to stand up and discuss

Ap Bio Chapter 4 Course Learning Objectives Free Essays

Chapter 4 CLO 1. A branch of chemistry dealing with compounds of Carbon. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap Bio Chapter 4 Course Learning Objectives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Carbon’s has 4 valence electrons that can form covalent bonds with others atoms (Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Carbon atoms mostly) to make large, complex and diverse organic molecules. 3. The carbon skeleton vary in 4 areas, 1. Length 2. Branching 3. Double Bond Position 4. Presence of Rings. Carbon skeletons can have double bonds in different locations and also different numbers of double bonds. . Hydrocarbons only have hydrogen and carbon molecules, hence the name. Hydrocarbons are hydrophobic because they mostly consist of hydrogen and carbon bonds that have no charge, therefore don’t attract additional bonds. 5. Isomers are compounds made up of the same number of atoms and the same type of elements but configured differently, giving them different functions. There are 3 types of isomers, 1. Structural isomers differ in the arrangement of their bonds. 2. Geometric isomers have different arrangement around a double bond due to the double bond’s inflexibility for atoms to rotate around it. 3. Enantiomers isomers are mirror images of each other due to the arrangement of atoms around an asymmetric carbon atom. 6. a. Hydroxyl group is a hydrogen atom and oxygen atom, which is bonded to a Carbon atom. Is polar because the electrons spend more time by the negative oygen atom. Helps dissolve organic compounds because of ability to form hydrogen bonds. b. Carbonyl group is a carbon atom that is double bonded to a oxygen atom. The 2 types of Carbonyl group compounds (Ketones and Aldehydes) can be structural isomers, which would give them different properties. c. Carboxyl group is a oxygen atom double bonded to a carbon atom and bonded to a –OH group. Basically a combination of the Hydroxyl and Carbonyl groups. Acts as an acid. Has ability to give H+ atom due to polarity of the covalent bond of OH. Also has a charge of 1-, called carboxylate ion. d. Amino group is a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and the carbon atom. Acts as a base and can take the H+ from other compound. Also has a charge of 1+. e. Sulfhydryl group is a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, shaped like hydroxyl group. Can stabilize protein structures by forming covalent bonds with another sulfhydryl group. f. Phosphate group is a phosphorus atom that is bonded to 4 oxygen atoms, two of which are negatively charged, one is bonded to the carbon atom and the last one is double bonded to the phosphorus. When at the end of a molecule the charge is 2-, when in a chain of phosphates the charge is 1-. Has potential to release energy by reacting with water. g. Methyl group is a carbon atom attached to 3 hydrogen atoms and to a carbon or different atom. Affects the expression of genes by addition to DNA or molecules bound to DNA. The methyl group’s arrangement affects the shape and function in male in female sex hormones. 7. The ATP functions as the primary energy transfer molecule by having a reaction with water. ATP reacts with water by having a phosphate atom split off. This reaction releases energy that the cell can use. How to cite Ap Bio Chapter 4 Course Learning Objectives, Essay examples

Belonging In Shawshank REdemption and Jasper Jones free essay sample

‘Belonging to a group or community has a significant impact on an individual’s sense of self. ’ Discuss this statement, referring to your PRESCRIBED TEXT and ONE related text of your own choosing. One of the ways in which individuals establish their sense of self is determined by the affiliations they choose, and the groups with which they create connections. An individual may be said to have a strong sense of self if they have a clear notion of their purpose and direction as they move forward through life, as well as a sense of who they are and what they stand for. Through his collection of poems entitled Immigrant Chronicle, Peter Skrzynecki explores the extent to which a lack of belonging has had a damaging impact on his own sense of self. In his poems ‘Migrant Hostel’ and ‘St Patrick’s College’ he considers how a lack of belonging as a child impacted upon his own sense of purpose, whilst in ‘Ancestors’ he explores the extent to which his connections with family ancestry affect his sense of self-identity. Likewise, in the film The Shawshank Redemption, director Frank Darabont uses the characters of Brooks Hatlen and Andy Dufresne to explore how it is affiliation with community that creates a strong sense of self. It is through the process of belonging to groups and communities that individuals clarify their sense of purpose and self-identity, thereby creating and shaping their individual sense of self. ‘Migrant Hostel’ is Skrzynecki’s account of his childhood experiences living in a migrant hostel in Parkes, where he and his mother stayed for two years after their arrival from Poland in 1949. Whilst his father worked in Sydney, he and his Mother found it very difficult to establish any sense of purpose in a place where they did not truly belong. Skrzynecki’s use of non-specific language, describing people in the camp as ‘comings’, ‘goings’, ‘newcomers’ and ‘departures’, highlights just how transient life seemed in the hostel. Day to day living was something over which the ‘Workers for Australia’ had no control; they ‘lived like birds of a passage / Always sensing a change / In the weather: / Unaware of the season / Whose track we would follow’. This migratory bird metaphor highlights the confusion experienced by the immigrants who seem aware that they should be doing something but are entirely out-of-tune with the environment into which they have been thrusted. The personified boom gate ‘Pointed in reprimand or shame’ indicates how rejected they seem from mainstream Australian society. In addition, Skrzynecki’s paradoxical description of their ‘lives / That had only begun / Or were dying’ further highlights their confusion: they have no sense of where their lives are heading or whether the experience of emigration is to bring the newfound purpose it promised. Without a sense of belonging to this community, the immigrants are unable to identify a sense of purpose, and therefore fail to develop any positive sense of self. Skrzynecki’s exploration of a lack of belonging resulting in purposelessness is developed in ‘St Patrick’s College’, a poem exploring institutional alienation and its harmful effect on an individual’s sense of self. From the beginning of the poem, it is clear that the young Skrzynecki feels no affiliation with his new Catholic school. He describes how from the roof of the secondary school ‘Our Lady watched / With outstretched arms, / Her face overshadowed by clouds’. To him, the statue of Mary is not having its intended effect: the symbolic inclusiveness of her gesture is corrupted by the pathetic fallacy of the clouds over her face, foreshadowing the fact that the school is unable to welcome and integrate him as it wishes. In fact, his lack of belonging is having a disastrous impact on his sense of self. He describes how he ‘stuck pine needles / Into the motto / On my breast: Luceat Lux Vestra / I thought was a brand of soap’. The self-harm imagery highlights how painful a lack of belonging can be, whilst the pun on ‘Lux’ underscores and ridicules the school’s Latin motto of ‘Let your light shine’. Skrzynecki’s recollections of learning in the school all seem to highlight his purposeless nature whilst there: for instance, learning to say ‘The Lord’s Prayer / In Latin, all in one breath’ suggests that he was more interested in the personal challenge than the religious content. Without belonging, it seems that life can often appear meaningless, sometimes resulting in dangerous consequences and a corrupted sense of self. The idea that belonging breeds purpose and a strong sense of self is also explored in Frank Darabont’s film The Shawshank Redemption. In a fascinating sub-plot, the film presents the story of an old criminal, Brooks Hatlen, who is finally released from Shawshank State Penitentiary after many years. Just before his release, a close up shot of Brooks reveals him inside the dark and oppressive prison, symbolically releasing his pet bird Jake into the brightness of the outside world, which foreshadows his own release. This use of chiaroscuro seems to suggest the prison world is an undesirable environment in which to belong, yet for Brooks, his whole sense of self is bound up in this place. As he enters the outside world, the non-diegetic piano music creates a wistful tone, as does a reverse long shot of Brooks sitting among birds in a park, but unable to communicate with the silhouetted characters in the background. Brooks has been institutionalised, and cannot be forced against his will to belong in a new environment. In the same way that Skrzynecki feels no sense of connection with the ideologies of the migrant hostel and St. Patrick’s College, Brooks does not feel connected to the outside world. However, whereas Skrzynecki is able to anticipate a brighter future, one in which the ‘darkness’ will disappear and his light will finally ‘shine’, Brooks uses his voiceover to tell the viewer ‘I’ve decided not to stay’, a euphemism for his final act of suicide. For some, a lack of belonging to the community can have a truly disastrous impact upon one’s sense of purpose, resulting in complete disintegration of one’s sense of self. In Skrzynecki’s ‘Ancestors’, the poet explores how connection to one’s ancestry is an essential part of understanding one’s purpose and establishing a sense of self identity. In a reflection on human identity and the chain of life that links us with our ancestors, Skrzynecki relates a dream in which he perceives a group of ghostly ancestors surrounding him, implying that his connection to his past is perhaps stronger than he acknowledges. Initially, these ancestors seem intimidating, as indicated by the threatening imagery of the ‘bearded, faceless men’ and the sibilance of the phrase ‘Standing shoulder to shoulder’, almost suggesting they are united against him. This is a poem of questions but few answers; the narrator does not know where they are pointing, or why they do not speak, or why he is unable to determine their identity. On a complex psychological level, the poem explores the fact that Skrzynecki cannot escape his ancestors and their expectations, but is not able to identify what these expectations are. In the final stanza, the dreamer has a taste of what binds him to his family, remarking that ‘The wind taste of blood’, a metaphor for the ancestral connection that they have in common. The poem highlights how connection to community, in this case a family group, does impact on one’s sense of identity, although in this poem it is unclear whether this connection creates a positive or negative effect. In contrast, The Shawshank Redemption shows how connection to a desired community can have a hugely beneficial effect on self-esteem and self-identity. In the film, the main character Andy Dufresne has been imprisoned for a crime he did not commit, and is exposed to unspeakable horrors whilst imprisoned. By the end of the film, the viewer is manipulated to believe that, like Brooks Hatlen, his lack of belonging is having such a negative impact on his sense of self that he is contemplating suicide. Unlike the persona in ‘Ancestors’, it seems that he is unable to cling to any sense of family or ancestry that makes life bearable. However, in a powerful finale, the film reveals his magnificent and timely escape. In the voiceover, the narrator reveals the fact that ‘Andy crawled to freedom through five-hundred yards of shit-smelling foulness I can’t even imagine’. The use of the personal perspective and the belittling verb ‘crawled’ conveys just how important escape is for Andy, in terms of his own sense of self. When he finally emerges from the refuse pipe, the image is symbolic of deliverance and re-birth, suggesting that he has been born again into a world where he truly belongs. As he removes his prison clothes, which symbolise the world he has left behind, the camera reverse pans to a high angle shot, depicting Andy’s arms outstretched as he celebrates his renewed self-identity. For Andy, re-connection with the world is an epiphanaic moment, a moment of great significance. In contrast to ‘Ancestors’, where Skrzynecki is never quite able to forge a connection with his past, Andy fundamentally connects with the community of life, and in doing so re-discovers, once again, who he truly is. It is through the process of belonging to groups and communities that individuals discover their sense of self, finding a purpose for their lives and understanding who they are. In ‘Migrant Hostel’, ‘St Patrick’s College’, and the story of Brooks Hatlen, a lack of belonging can lead to a dangerously purposeless life, where an individual’s sense of self can be seriously damaged. However, in ‘Ancestors’ it is clear that connection to one’s community can at least provide the beginnings of a stronger sense of self whereas, through the story of Andy Dufresne in the film The Shawshank Redemption, the viewer is led to appreciate the inspiring re-discovery of self that comes with a sense of belonging. It is through experiencing connection to groups or communities that individuals, to different degrees, come to affirm their self-identity and forge a new sense of direction through life.